. Making the accusation is a widow, Beverly Sue Allen Walker. Drummond (Republican Party) ran for election for Attorney General of Oklahoma. Republican voters will likely select the state's next attorney general in June after just three candidates filed for the race Republicans John O'Connor, who was appointed to the position last year by the governor; Gentner Drummond, a Tulsa attorney who narrowly lost in the primary four years ago; and Libertarian Lynda Steele. In 1927 he married Grace Ford, and they became parents of three daughters and a son. Prior to returning to Oklahoma in 1998, he was in private practice in San Francisco, served as legislative assistant to a member of Congress, and was legislative counsel to the American Medical Association in Washington, DC. She has since admitted to making a false statement, on his advice, so her case against Ed Evans could be filed in Osage County. They were thrown together on different occasions.. overflow-y: hidden; Oklahoma State Attorney General . notice of intent to sell property; what kind of gun will kill a grizzly bear chris camozzi musician. background-color: grey; He is related to Pioneer Woman Ree Drummond, an Oklahoma Hall of Fame member. Leslie F. Drummond was predeceased by his parents, grandparents Leslie L. and Ger- trude Bird Swim of Stillwater and R.C. The Republican primary election is June 26. Leslie was a lifelong resident of Hominy, Oklahoma, where he participated in the cattle-ranching business along with several members of his family. font-size: .9em; Gentner Drummond was sworn in as Oklahomas 19th Attorney General on Jan. 9, 2023. MIKE SIMONS, TULSA WORLD Oklahoma Attorney General. In a post on her blog, Ree shared, [Ladds] oldest brother Todd was killed in a car accident when Todd was eighteen years old, the summer before he left for college. He was working in Texas on a family friends ranch at the time. Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. Republican 2022 Attorney General Oklahoma. .inner_percentage, .inner_percentage.Nonpartisan, .inner_percentage.Independent, .inner_percentage.Constitution, .inner_percentage.unknown { clearInterval(nTimer); @media (max-width:600px) { background-color: #6db24f; Mark Myles advanced from the Democratic primary for Attorney General of Oklahoma on June 26, 2018. I thought you might like to see a memorial for Leslie Frederick Drummond I found on Findagrave.com. (405) 521-3921 Gentner Drummond was sworn in as Oklahoma's 19th Attorney General on Jan. 9, 2023. padding-left: 0; 'Octomom' Nadya Suleman Is a Proud Mom of 14: See Her Kids Today! Gentner Drummond accepts Oklahoma Attorney General nomination A candidate for attorney general and his law firm were accused in May of negligence and breach of duty in their handling of a probate case. Verify and try again. There were no incumbents in this race. The Tulsa World reported that Drummond's last donation to a non-Republican candidate for federal office was to Matt Silverstein's 2014 United States Senate campaign. They now reside in Signal Mountain, Tenn., 12 hours away from Ree, Ladd and their four children Alex, 20, Paige, 18, Bryce, 15, and Todd, 13. } Diecast housings may, Can you get Chick Fil A iced coffee all day? Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Oklahoma voters will elect one of two political newcomers attorney general in the Nov. 8 general election. padding-left: 8px; padding-bottom: 8px; Ree Drummond - The Pioneer Woman (@thepioneerwoman) July 15, 2017 They also became businessmen after the opening of their "The Mercantile" restaurant and retain store in the second half of 2016. Gentner Frederick Drummond was born to Leslie and Carol Ann Drummond. $('.pastResponses').hide(); Wife: Wendy; 6 Children, EDUCATION. } [19] In 2015, Special Judge Lisa Hammond wrote in the divorce decree that Evans had done so "to support her efforts to establish venue in a county where she apparently believed the Drummond family name would provide her an advantage. in economics from Stanford University, and a law degree from the University of Virginia. margin-bottom: 4px; His probate case, though, was filed in 2012 in Osage County, where he had more than 800 acres of property. float: left; Gentner Drummond earned a B.S. } Congratulations to Gentner Drummond on his new role as #Oklahoma attorney general. She said she made the 2013 statement so Drummond could oppose a motion to have the case moved. The Libertarianprimary election was canceled. jQuery(item).html("Scroll for more "); Do you want to learn more about Frederick Drummond? background-color: #dac113; There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. An Osage County judge in 2013 transferred the case because of evidence the wife had not abandoned her Oklahoma City residence. Gerre and Doug started off as friends. The email does not appear to be a valid email address. $('.collapse').collapse('hide'); .widget-key { This memorial has been copied to your clipboard. Even though Gentner was a practicing attorney, ranching was in his blood. He returned home to manage the family ranch when his father fell ill, and he expanded and improved the ranch over the next forty years. Gentner Drummond defeated Lynda Steele in the general election for Attorney General of Oklahoma on November 8, 2022. Previously, Gentner was an Advisory Board Member at Argent Technologies and also held positions at Family Safety Center, Blue Sky Bank's holding, State Chamber, Warburton Capital Management, Oklahoma Hall of Fame, Tulsa Regional Chamber, Bank of Cushing, Tulsa Botanic Garden, Oklahoma Centennial . There was an error deleting this problem. She kept begging [her mother and father] to stay together. They didnt: Court documents obtained by In Touch show that Gerre filed for divorce in October 1996 a month after Ree tied the knot with husband Ladd claiming that irreconcilable incompatibility has arisen between the parties.. "When you filed that second false affidavit, what did Mr. Drummond tell you was the benefit to you?" This browser does not support getting your location. Gentner Drummond ousts John O'Connor in attorney general primary By Tres Savage - Tuesday, June 28, 2022 1412 SHARE Facebook Twitter Gentner Drummond speaks during a Republican primary. . word-wrap: break-word; Gentner and Wendy Drummond have a blended family of six children and five grandchildren. When Frederick Gentner Drummond was born on 3 January 1895, in Pawhuska, Osage, Oklahoma, United States, his father, Frederick Drummond, was 30 and his mother, Adeline Addie Gentner, was 24. Failed to report flower. } Gentner Drummond ( Republican Party) is the Attorney General of Oklahoma. The family is one of the largest land owning families in the state of Oklahoma and the United States. A decades-long investigation into money mismanagement at Epic Charter Schools has made its way back to the Oklahoma attorney general. } .results_table_container { The widow told The Oklahoman on Friday she is frustrated and doesn't think Drummond should be Oklahoma's next attorney general. } One of their customers, John R. Skinner, owner of the Osage Mercantile Company in Pawhuska, hired Drummond as a clerk. Also filing to run for attorney general were Mark Myles, a Democrat, and Angela Bonilla, a Republican. In his response, William, a prominent local doctor beloved in the community, disagreed with Gerres assessment: The defendant desires to continue to live in a loving and supportive marriage with the plaintiff. But William eventually dropped his opposition and the couple divorced in 1997. [47] In 2022, Drummond was inducted into the Osage County Historical Society's list of "Heroes and Legends. Drummond in 2012 filed a divorce case for a first cousin, Jana Drummond Evans, in Osage County even though she and her two children lived in a multimillion-dollar home in Gaillardia in Oklahoma City. padding-left: 16px; Doug also got divorced. They defeated Angela Bonilla in the Republican primary for Attorney General of Oklahoma on June 26, 2018. z-index:1; A U.S. Air Force jet pilot during the Persian Gulf War, Gentner led the first combat mission of that conflict. Along the way,Gentneralso became a successful businessman. [18] In 2013, Drummonds client (his first cousin Jana Drummond Evans) testified under oath that Drummond encouraged his client to lie to the court about her county of residency for strategic advantage in a divorce case (however, during his 2018 campaign, Drummond maintained reporting on the testimony was politically motivated). } Source. position: absolute; margin: 0px 10px; cemeteries found in Stillwater, Payne County, Oklahoma, USA will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Leslie served on the Board of Education for Hominy Public Schools for many years. padding-left: 10px; div.survey-scrollbox { height:400px; overflow:scroll; margin:20px; padding:10px; border:1px solid gray; } Incumbents are bolded and underlined. p.survey-response {margin-left:10px;} In 1999, he founded the Tulsa-based firm, Drummond Law. All Rights Reserved. How to vote | Oklahoma Historical Society800 Nazih Zuhdi Drive, Oklahoma City, OK 73105 | 405-521-2491Site Index | Contact Us | Privacy | Press Room | Website Inquiries, Get Updates in Your Inbox Keep up to date with our weekly newsletter delivered straight to your inbox. At stake in the divorce was how to split millions of dollars in assets. .widget-row.Republican { "[48], In March 2022, Drummond's son, Oklahoma Air National Guard Major Alexander Drummond, survived the crash of an F-16 he was piloting in Beauregard Parish during a routine training mission out of Ellington Field Joint Reserve Base in Texas after ejecting from the plane.[49]. [38][39] As no Democrats filed to run for attorney general, Drummond faced Libertarian Lynda Steele in the November general election. He is part of the fifth-generation of Oklahoma's Drummond banking and ranching family; Scottish immigrants who leased land in Osage County from the Osage Nation in the 1880s. .contact_office { margin-top: 0.3em; margin-bottom: 0em;margin-right: 0.5em;} William also remarried and still lives in the same area. overflow-y: auto; Sponsoring a leaf is a special way to recognize your family history and benefit future generations at the same time. } Drummond went to fly, he strapped that F-15 fighter jet tohim. color: #888; Try again. background-color: #db0000; [24] Drummond has an interest in fashion that he credits to his wife. } Both are Republicans. To find out how to honor your own family with a leaf visit the Oklahoma Family Tree Project page. [35] In the final month of the primary, Drummond's campaign benefited from over $1million in dark money spending on ads opposing O'Connor's candidacy in the final month of the race. cemeteries found within miles of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. The Tulsa attorney launched his campaign right before the filing period this month and is now seeking to have Attorney General Mike Hunter's name stricken from the ballot. .results_text { [46], Drummond is an Eagle Scout. Counties | He is survived by his wife of forty-seven years, Carol Ann Killian Drummond, Ph.D., his sons Gentner F. Drummond and fiance Wendy H. Poole of Tulsa, David G. Drummond of Tulsa, Jonathan E. Drummond, M.D., of Stillwater and daughter, L.Caroline Drummond of Oklahoma City. Please contact Find a Grave at [emailprotected] if you need help resetting your password. The results have been certified. border-radius: 50%; Drummond in 2012 filed a divorce case for a first cousin, Jana Drummond Evans, in Osage County even though she and her two children lived in a multimillion-dollar home in Gaillardia in Oklahoma City. background-color: white; } Have a tip? His wife was so hurt by it, claims the local resident. } Please ensure you have given Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser settings. The results have been certified. Leslie Frederick Drummond passed away peacefully in his home in Stillwater, Oklahoma, on July 19, 2010. JOHN CLANTON, Tulsa World With his wife Wendy Drummond, Gentner Drummond speaks to members of the media during a press conference in Tulsa in 2018. In 2017, the family owned 433,000-acre (175,000 ha) according to The Land Report magazine. He was president of the Will Rogers Council of Boy Scouts of America and received the Silver Beaver Award of Scouting in 1982. In addition to running the family ranch, Ford serves on several boards, including the Texas and Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association, the Oklahoma Water Resources Board, Frank Phillips Foundation, and as of 2019 is chairman of the Oklahoma Nature Conservancy. [31] In the primary, Drummond faced incumbent John M. O'Connor and at the outset Drummond announced he would be willing to spend another $2,000,000 of his own money to support his second bid. As a result, she decided to film her popular cooking show there when she began filming it in 2011. 2023 www.oklahoman.com. Each leaf of the Oklahoma Family Tree memorializes an Oklahoma family with the family surname, first name(s), and the town or county where they lived. } Gentner Drummond, a Republican candidate for attorney general in Oklahoma, has contributed to nearly a dozen Democratic candidates since 2004, federal and state records show. Now the families get together several times a year, Doug recently told In Touch. Try again later. position: relative; OKLAHOMA CITY (KOKH) One of the most controversial primary fights is between the leading Republican candidates for attorney general. TULSA, Okla. - Gentner Drummond is the new top law man in the state as he takes over as Oklahoma's Attorney General. background-color: #f9f9f9; Gentner F. Drummond: In Memoriam Thomas E. Drummond April 3, 1945 - February 10, 2012 Randall S. Pickard September 28, 1958 - January 26, 2013. Source1Source2. .mw-body #mw-content-text th.votebox-results-cell--text { the attorney, Laura McConnell-Corbyn, asked. Republican candidate Gentner Drummond, left, and Libertarian candidate Lynda Steele, right. margin-bottom: 0px; .results_row td { If you have questions, please contact [emailprotected]. An attorney hired by the buyer for a title opinion said the case should have been filed in Mayes County. He is named after his great-great-grandmother, Gentner. Add to your scrapbook. "I'm not sure he told me that there was a benefit at that time," she said. Oklahoma Attorney General Gentner Drummond is outlining his top priorities after being sworn in. Leslie was a lifelong resident of Hominy, Oklahoma, where he participated in the cattle-ranching business along with several members of his family. In a counterclaim May 31, the widow's attorney disputed she has not suffered harm. letter-spacing: 0.03em; Close this window, and upload the photo(s) again. } .race_header.republican { Having little success, he went to St. Louis and found work with a wholesale dry-goods house. display: inline-block; Roy (18921981) began ranching in 1913, and Jack (18961989) established ranches in Osage and Marshall Counties. He married Grace Clifton Ford on 20 April 1927, in Wichita, Sedgwick, Kansas, United States. font-size: 20px; Search above to list available cemeteries. The most Gentner families were found in USA in 1880. Gentner Drummond and his wife Wendy. margin-bottom: 0; contemporary art in region 7 brainly; marc klopp instagram. Get involved in the campaign to elect Gentner Drummond as Attorney General. By Darla Shelden The City Sentinel Endorsement This newspaper supported Gentner Drummond for Attorney General in the GOP primary and runoff in 2018. } It was a scandal, the churchgoer says. You can customize the cemeteries you volunteer for by selecting or deselecting below. Gentners law experience spans nearly 30 years and includes having served as an assistant district attorney in Pawnee and Osage Counties and as an attorney in private practice. .race_footer { This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. Failed to delete memorial. [29] Tibbetts's family denounced the campaign ad as racist and an attempt to politicize the murder. .race_header.democratic { } in agricultural economics from Oklahoma State University in 1984 and a J.D. kenton county section 8 application; 2 bedroom houses for sale in leigh on sea Gentner Drummond did not complete Ballotpedia's 2022 Candidate Connection survey. In 1999, he founded the Tulsa-based firm, Drummond Law. font-size: 0.9em; Resend Activation Email. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. $(".expand-all").on('click', () => { Full nameAnnie Marie SmithBirth Place in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, United StatesProfessionBlogger, Celebrity Chef, and TV personalityHusbandLadd DrummondNet worth $50 million Caleb Drummond's parents are unknown. height: 100%; "I think I was just getting some bad advice from my counsel," she testified at her divorce trial after the case was moved to Oklahoma County. Gerre and Doug would go to different committees and meetings together, recalls a churchgoer. She has since admitted to making a false statement, on his advice, so her case against Ed Evans could be filed in Osage County. Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. .top_disclaimer { Include gps location with grave photos where possible. display: table; During the Great Depression, he established two Hereford cattle ranches in Osage County. Special Judge Lisa Hammond ruled in the 2015 divorce decree that Jana Evans did so "to support her efforts to establish venue in a county where she apparently believed the Drummond family name would provide her an advantage.". As attorney general, he will defend our rights, uphold the rule of law, and serve the people of Oklahoma, not the political elite. } overflow: hidden; .votebox-results-metadata { GENTNER F DRUMMOND (agent) :: OpenCorporates 1865 Glasgow, Lanarkshire, England died 1913 Pawhuska, Osage, Oklahoma, United States including ancestors + descendants + more in the free family tree community. Are you adding a grave photo that will fulfill this request? Is Frederick Drummond related to Ree Drummond? A system error has occurred. .non_result_row { Attorney General's Telemarketer Restriction Act Consumer Registry, Workers Compensation and Insurance Fraud Unit (WCIFU), Criminal Justice Reclassification Coordination Council, Commission on the Prevention of Abuse of Elderly and Vulnerable Adults, Victim Services Boards, Councils and Task Forces. width: 100% !important; Learn more about managing a memorial . $('#candidate-connection-email-100721').on('click', () => { ga('send', 'event', 'surveycta', 'surveycta-click-email'); }); .infobox p { After graduating from Stanford, he joined United Missouri Bank of Kansas City as an inspector and counter of cattle used as loan security. Public policy. font-weight: bold; Ballot measures, Who represents me? position: relative; font-size: 16px; color: white; Please reset your password. Drummond emigrated from Scotland in 1882. Help expand Ballotpedia's elections coverage - volunteer with us, .infobox { Both Gentner and his wife Wendy Drummond are former Tulsa Regional Chamber max-height: 580px; .non_result_row div { Both Gentner and his wife Wendy Drummond are former Tulsa Regional Chamber Mike Neal on LinkedIn: Drummond takes leadership of AG's Office with a full agenda State attorney general candidate Gentner Drummond enters his watch party Tuesday to declare victory at the VFW in Tulsa. } (function() { Gentner Drummond was sworn in as Oklahoma's 19th Attorney General on Jan. 9, 2023. margin-top: 1px; Principal legal officer Gentner could have an expected measure of no less than $50 million, as per the cases of different informal sources. padding-bottom: 8px; The Drummonds were a popular couple in Pawhuska. ul.key-messages {list-style-type: none; margin-left:10px; } No animated GIFs, photos with additional graphics (borders, embellishments. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. color: #fff; cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Her husband, Cliffton Fred Walker, chose Drummond to be the executor of his estate when he made out his will in 2001. His holdings include Blue Sky Bank, Drummond Law Firm, and Drummond Communications, creating hundreds of jobs in addition to the Drummond ranching operation. Gentner Frederick Drummond (born 1963 or 1964) is an American attorney, rancher, banker, and politician from Oklahoma. Sometimes Gentner goes by various nicknames including Drummond Gentner Fredrick, Gentner Fredrick Drummond, Genter F Drummond, Geniner F Drummond and Gentner S Drummond. Save to an Ancestry Tree, a virtual cemetery, your clipboard for pasting or Print. .clearfix { Elections in 2023 | His task was to provide aerial protection for a strike package into Baghdad under cover of darkness. a[aria-expanded=true] .fa-chevron-right { display: none; } Everyone felt terrible for her. Doug and Gerre wed in 1999, and left Oklahoma soon after. The Oklahoma County judge who took over the case was upset after hearing testimony about the false affidavit filed with the divorce petition in Osage County. [12][13] Drummond is also a principal owner of Blue Sky Bank (formerly Citizens Bank of Oklahoma, NBC Bank, and the National Bank of Commerce),[14] as well as Drummond Communications, a store agency for U.S. Cellular under the trade name Premier Locations. width: 35px !important; We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. "That is unsubstantiated testimony from a five-year-old divorce case," a campaign spokesman, Karl Ahlgren, said. State legislature | border:1px solid #FFB81F; He lost in the Republican primary runoff on August 28, 2018. Learn more about merges. $('#candidate-connection-twitter-100721').on('click', () => { ga('send', 'event', 'surveycta', 'surveycta-click-twitter'); }); Meet Catfish's Kamie Crawford's Ex-Boyfriend Gordon, 90 Day Fiance's Paul and Karine's Sons Are 'Thriving' in Foster Care, Anna Duggar Is Constantly Praying About the Future of Her Marriage, Holly Madison 'Didn't Feel Protected' Against Negativity by Hugh Hefner, Chelsea Houska Reveals How She Landed HGTV Series, Talks Cringey Past, 90 Day Fiance's Paul, Karine 'Were Both Guilty' Amid Custody Battle, Sister Wives Meri, Janelle and Christine Not Seeking Spousal Support, Brad Pitt Is Enjoying Every Moment of Ines De Ramon Romance, Jenelle Evans Trying to Help Former BFF Taylor Lewis' Family After Death. .external_links_table { width: auto !important; } In 2012, the Bigheart Times (the largest newspaper in Osage County) reported that Drummond, who was representing a member of the Drummond family in a criminal proceeding, called a reporter from that publication as a witness in a case she did not witness and had no personal connection to in order to prevent her from being able to report on the matter (she was dismissed as a witness by the court),[16][17] raising comment from the state's oldest public transparency group. .widget-row.value-only.black { margin-bottom:0px; A runoff is possible. font-size: 12px; Congratulations to Gentner Drummond on his new role as #Oklahoma attorney general. margin: auto; letter-spacing: 0.03em; if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; .succession-table th, .succession-table tr { } } }); Gentner Drummond Net Worth 2022 - How Rich Is The Republican? Hunter led the first round with 44.5 percent of the vote while Drummond finished in second with 38.5 percent, with both advancing to a runoff election. Drummond once stated that her crew would either stay at the ranch or rent a room somewhere else. width: 50px; Leslie enjoyed serving on the Osage County Excise Board, as well as the Osage County Farm Bureau as president. top: 2px; left: 0; When his nation called, Fighter Pilot Getner Drummond bravely led the first US combat mission of the Gulf War. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. padding-bottom: 3px; Oops, we were unable to send the email. background-color: #ccc; [41], Drummond has four children and two stepchildren with Catherine Drummond. width: 150px; }, See also:Oklahoma Attorney General election, 2022. Drummond is a member of the Republican Party and the current Attorney General of Oklahoma. The company receives a portion of its funding from the United States government. display: block; background-color: #003388; [36] During the primary campaign, Drummond met with Osage Nation Chief Geoffrey Standing Bear and Standing Bear offered to support his candidacy if he promised to never bring a case affecting the Osage Mineral estate. Flowers added to the memorial appear on the bottom of the memorial or here on the Flowers tab. Between 2006 and 2017, they received around $23.9 million, according to Daily Mail. He lived one year in New York and then headed to Texas to try his hand at ranching.
[1], .votebox { In 1903 they moved to Hominy, and he helped organize the Hominy Trading Company. Full nameAnnie Marie SmithBirth Place in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, United StatesProfessionBlogger, Celebrity Chef, and TV personalityHusbandLadd DrummondNet worth $50 million. font-size: 12px; A post shared by Ree Drummond Pioneer Woman (@thepioneerwoman), Gerre and Doug started off as friends. Your account has been locked for 30 minutes due to too many failed sign in attempts. It became part of him. His current term ends on January 11, 2027. He was educated in the Hominy Schools and then graduated from Oklahoma State University with a Bachelor of Science degree in Agricultural Economics. padding-top: 8px; } Is that your testimony?" a[aria-expanded=false] .fa-chevron-down { display: none; } Congratulations to Gentner Drummond on his new role as #Oklahoma attorney general. Drummond has knocked off incumbent Attorney General John O'Connor in. padding-left: 0; .survey-result {padding:10px;} Fred was one of the best-known traders. Drummond Land is a small town in the United States. He led a 40-plus aircraft strike mission into the southeast corner of Baghdad. font-style: italic; } She also specifically testified that she got a driver's license in Osage County months before filing for divorce at Drummond's advice. } Hunter defeated Drummond in the runoff by 271 votes. [37], Drummond defeated O'Connor in a close Republican primary election, winning 180,338 votes compared to OConnors 174,125 (less than 1.8% of votes cast). He won in the general election on November 8, 2022. [8][15] He also owns the 1,100-acre (450ha) event location Post Oak Lodge. Jason Tartick breaks it down with Us Weekly editors. In Touch Weekly is part of the a360media Entertainment Group.Copyright a360media 2023. Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? border-bottom: 1px solid grey; The widow told The Oklahoman on Friday she is frustrated and doesn't think Drummond should be Oklahoma's next attorney general. .mw-content-ltr td.votebox-results-cell--text, width: 90%; [10][1], Drummond enlisted in the United States Air Force in March 1985, served for eight years, reached the rank of captain, and flew F-15C Eagles. Resend Activation Email, Please check the I'm not a robot checkbox, If you want to be a Photo Volunteer you must enter a ZIP Code or select your location on the map.Primark Cookie Skillet Instructions, Disadvantages Of Chalkboard, Trevenant Vmax Rainbow Psa 10, Internal Citations Omitted Vs Citations Omitted,